Summary
This paper extensively characterizes M4 intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), which contain the photopigment melanopsin and are central to non-visual light responses including circadian entrainment. Understanding M4 ipRGC properties informs the design of lighting that effectively targets the non-visual system for circadian and alertness benefits.
Categories
The Science of Light: Characterizes M4 ipRGCs and melanopsin photopigment biology, directly relevant to understanding non-visual light responses.
Author(s)
D Higgins
Publication Year
2013
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