Abstract

Summary

This systematic review compares melatonin measurement methods across biofluids (serum/plasma, saliva, urine) and identifies modifiable and unmodifiable factors that affect results, which is critical for designing valid circadian lighting studies. Researchers and clinicians must carefully standardize sampling protocols—including controlling light exposure conditions—to ensure reliable melatonin data across studies.
Abstract

Key Findings

  • No universal sampling standard exists; choice of biofluid and measurement method must be tailored to study purpose and population.
  • Modifiable factors (e.g., light exposure, posture, food intake, medication) and unmodifiable factors (e.g., age, sex) were identified as sources of variability in melatonin measurements.
  • Saliva, serum/plasma, and urine each have distinct advantages and limitations for assessing peripheral melatonin rhythms.
Categories

Categories

Sleep & Circadian Health: Reviews melatonin measurement methodologies directly relevant to assessing circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle research.
The Science of Light: Identifies modifiable factors (including light exposure) that affect melatonin measurements, critical for interpreting photobiological studies.
Authors

Author(s)

B Rzepka-Migut, J Paprocka
Publication Date

Publication Year

2020
Citations

Number of Citations

56
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