Summary
This review provides a comprehensive update on how the autonomic nervous system regulates key ocular functions including pupil diameter, accommodation, and intraocular pressure through sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways. Understanding these mechanisms is important for interpreting pupillometric responses to light and designing lighting systems that account for ocular physiology.
Key Findings
- The autonomic nervous system regulates pupil size, lens accommodation, ocular circulation, and intraocular pressure through precise sympathetic and parasympathetic balance.
- Almost all parts of the eye have autonomic innervation contributing to local homeostatic regulation through synergy and antagonism between the two branches of the ANS.
- New research methods have revealed novel anatomical characteristics and physiological processes in ocular autonomic control, advancing understanding beyond classical descriptions.
Categories
Eye Health & Vision: Reviews autonomic nervous system control of ocular functions including pupil size, lens accommodation, intraocular pressure, and ocular circulation.
The Science of Light: Pupillary light reflex and related autonomic regulation are directly relevant to understanding how the eye responds to light stimuli.
Author(s)
F Wu, Y Zhao, H Zhang
Publication Year
2022
Number of Citations
16
Related Publications
Eye Health & Vision
- Diminished pupillary light reflex at high irradiances in melanopsin-knockout mice
- Genetic reactivation of cone photoreceptors restores visual responses in retinitis pigmentosa
- Melanopsin and rod–cone photoreceptors play different roles in mediating pupillary light responses during exposure to continuous light in humans
- Characteristic patterns of dendritic remodeling in early-stage glaucoma: evidence from genetically identified retinal ganglion cell types
- Intrinsically photosensitive melanopsin retinal ganglion cell contributions to the pupillary light reflex and circadian rhythm
The Science of Light
- Phototransduction by retinal ganglion cells that set the circadian clock
- Color appearance models
- The mammalian circadian timing system: organization and coordination of central and peripheral clocks
- Diminished pupillary light reflex at high irradiances in melanopsin-knockout mice
- Melanopsin is required for non-image-forming photic responses in blind mice